« Détroit de Béring » : différence entre les versions

Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.
Navigation interactive dans l’historique
← Modification précédenteModification suivante →
Contenu supprimé Contenu ajouté
VisuelWikicode
Aucun résumé des modifications
Balise : Révoqué
Aucun résumé des modifications
Balise : Suppression de références
Ligne 23 : Ligne 23 :
[[Image:US NOAA nautical chart of Bering Strait.png|thumb|Plan nautique du détroit]]
[[Image:US NOAA nautical chart of Bering Strait.png|thumb|Plan nautique du détroit]]


cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Le '''détroit de Béring''', ou '''détroit de Behring''', sépare d'environ 83 km la [[Sibérie]] orientale de l'[[Alaska]] (89 km entre le [[cap Dejnev]], en [[Russie]] et le [[cap du Prince-de-Galles]], en [[Alaska]]). Il se situe en [[mer de Béring]], non loin du [[cercle polaire arctique]] qui marque la limite méridionale de la [[mer des Tchouktches]]. La largeur du détroit est supérieure à sa longueur : cette dernière ne dépasse pas {{unité|59|km}}.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Il doit son nom au navigateur [[Vitus Béring]] ([[1681]]-[[1741]]), un explorateur [[Danemark|danois]] au service de la marine [[Russie|russe]] qui a traversé le détroit durant l'été [[1728]].
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Les deux [[îles Diomède]] se situent à peu près en son centre, de part et d'autre de la [[Frontière entre les États-Unis et la Russie|frontière]] entre la [[Russie]] et les [[États-Unis]].
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
En {{date-|mars 2006}}, [[Karl Bushby]] et l'aventurier français Dimitri Kieffer ont franchi le détroit à pied. Ils ont traversé une section gelée de 90 kilomètres de long en 15 jours.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
== Histoire ==
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
=== De l'Antiquité jusqu'au {{s-|XIX}} ===
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Il y a {{unité|20000|ans}}, le niveau de la mer dans le détroit de Béring était plus bas de {{unité|100|mètres}} par rapport à aujourd'hui.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Pendant la dernière ère glaciaire, le niveau de la mer était suffisamment bas pour permettre le passage à pied entre l'Asie et l'Amérique du Nord à l'emplacement de l'actuel détroit de Béring. Appelée aujourd'hui [[Béringie]], cette voie aurait été empruntée par les premiers humains ayant peuplé le continent américain. Il y a entre {{unité|12000|et=30000|ans}}<ref>{{en}} Elizabeth Prine Pauls, entrée « ''American Indian'' » de l'''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', version en ligne consultable au 22/12/2010.</ref>, des tribus sibériennes ont ainsi franchi le détroit pour aller peupler l'Amérique, ainsi que diverses espèces animales, telles que le [[Bison d'Amérique du Nord|bison d'Amérique]], originaire d'Asie du sud. Située à la même latitude que l'[[Islande]], la zone du détroit est caractérisée par des températures extrêmement basses (jusqu'à {{unité|−50|°C}}) et des vents violents.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
En [[1648]], le [[cosaque]] [[Semen Dejnev]] avait descendu le [[Kolyma (fleuve)|fleuve Kolyma]] avec sept navires, était entré dans l'océan Arctique puis avait franchi le détroit avec trois d'entre eux et était revenu sur les côtes russes par le Pacifique. Cependant, le rapport qu'il fait de cette expédition passe inaperçu et ne fut redécouvert qu'en 1736<ref>{{fr}} [http://crdp.ac-paris.fr/tara/index.php?page=plongee ''Les expéditions dans l'Arctique : exploration et études'', Tara Artic Damocle]</ref>.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
À la demande de [[Pierre Ier de Russie|Pierre {{Ier}} de Russie]], le Danois [[Vitus Béring]] est chargé de déterminer si l'Alaska et la Sibérie sont ou non reliées entre elles. Il embarque sur un navire construit au [[Kamtchatka]] et franchit le détroit durant l'été 1728. Il tente une nouvelle expédition dans la région en 1741, débarque sur le sol américain, mais succombe au retour dans une petite île où son bateau s'échoue, et qui porte désormais son nom.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
La [[ligne de changement de date]] passe au milieu du détroit depuis l'[[achat de l'Alaska]], alors partie de l'[[Russie impériale|Empire russe]], par les [[États-Unis]] en 1867.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
=== Guerre froide : la frontière du « rideau de glace » ===
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
[[Image:Diomede Islands Bering Sea Jul 2006.jpg|thumb|La petite Diomède (États-Unis, à gauche) et la grande Diomède (Union soviétique puis Russie, à droite) : la frontière du « rideau de glace ».]]
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
Pendant la [[Guerre froide]], le détroit de Béring constitue la [[frontière]] entre les [[États-Unis]] et l'[[Union soviétique]]. L'île de la [[Îles Diomède|grande Diomède]], alors en URSS, n'est qu'à trois kilomètres de l'île de la [[Îles Diomède|petite Diomède]], aux États-Unis. Traditionnellement, les peuples autochtones de la région traversent fréquemment la frontière pour visiter leurs proches, participer à des fêtes saisonnières, ou pour le commerce traditionnel. Ces traversées sont interdites pendant la Guerre froide<ref>{{en}} [http://www.dced.state.ak.us/oed/student_info/learn/russianheritage.htm site web de l’État d'Alaska]</ref>. La Grande Diomède, côté soviétique, est vidée de ses habitants et militarisée<ref>{{Lien web |langue=fr-FR |prénom=Ekaterina |nom=Sinelchtchikova |titre=La Grande Diomède, une île russe aux confins du monde et du temps |url=https://fr.rbth.com/lifestyle/79414-grande-diomede |site=Russia Beyond FR |date=2017-11-01 |consulté le=2023-07-12}}</ref>.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

l Gorbatchev]] lors d'un entretien à [[Washington (district de Columbia)|Washington]].
La frontière acquiert ainsi le surnom de « rideau de glace » (''Ice Curtain'')<ref>{{en}} [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEFDF103EF930A15753C1A96E948260 "Lifting the Ice Curtain"], Peter A. Iseman, ''New York Times'', 23 octobre 1988</ref>, en référence au « [[rideau de fer]] » coupant l'Europe en deux. Le {{Date|7|août|1987}}, la nageuse américaine [[Lynne Cox]] contribue symboliquement à apaiser les tensions américano-soviétiques en traversant la frontière à la nage<ref>{{en}} [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/02/12/60II/main540357.shtml "Swimming To Antarctica"], CBS News, 17 septembre 2003</ref> ; elle est félicitée conjointement par [[Ronald Reagan]] et [[Mikhaïl Gorbatchev]] lors d'un entretien à [[Washington (district de Columbia)|Washington]].


== Tunnel sous le détroit de Béring ==
== Tunnel sous le détroit de Béring ==

Version du 14 août 2023 à 04:10

Page d’aide sur l’homonymie

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Béring.

The Fabian Diraviam Empire Strait
Image The Fabian DirAVIAM iNDIAN Empire.
Image The Fabian DirAVIAM iNDIAN Empire.
Géographie humaine
Pays côtiers Modèle:Fabian
Drapeau de la Russie Russie
Géographie physique
Type Détroit
Localisation Mer de Béring
Coordonnées 65° 49′ 18″ nord, 168° 52′ 35″ ouest
Longueur 59 km
Largeur
· Minimale 83 km
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Alaska
(Voir situation sur carte : Alaska)
The Fabian Diraviam Empire Strait
Géolocalisation sur la carte : États-Unis
(Voir situation sur carte : États-Unis)
The Fabian Diraviam Empire Strait
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Russie
(Voir situation sur carte : Russie)
The Fabian Diraviam Empire Strait
modifier Consultez la documentation du modèle
Plan nautique du détroit
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.
cautious, dilatory. 2. [the Fabian Society; from the members' belief in slow rather than revolutionary change in government] : of, relating to, or being a society of socialists organized in England in 1884 to spread socialist principles gradually. Fabian noun. Fabianism.

l Gorbatchev]] lors d'un entretien à Washington.

Tunnel sous le détroit de Béring

Article détaillé : Tunnel sous le détroit de Béring.

Divers projets de tunnel ferroviaire sous le détroit ont été formés depuis le XIXe siècle. Si la réalisation du tunnel présente peu de difficultés techniques, le principal problème est de le compléter par d'autres infrastructures à chaque extrémité, et en particulier du côté de la Russie où la pointe orientale du pays est inaccessible par voie terrestre.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

Liens externes

Ce document provient de « https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Détroit_de_Béring&oldid=206918731 ».